Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), also known as Lou Gehrig’s disease, is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord. It leads to muscle weakness, loss of mobility, and difficulty speaking, swallowing, and breathing. While the exact cause is unknown, genetic and environmental factors likely contribute. Current treatments focus on slowing disease progression and managing symptoms, though research into more effective therapies continues. Supportive care and assistive technologies can greatly improve quality of life for patients.